AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS AND GROUND CASUALTIES NEAR AIRPORTS: EVIDENCE FROM GLOBAL SOUTH AND GLOBAL NORTH COUNTRIES¶
Abstract¶
SAFETY IS AN INTRINSIC CHARACTERISTIC OF CIVIL AVIATION, BUT WHILE ACCIDENTS ARE RARE, THEY DO HAPPEN. FROM 2011 TO 2020, 67% OF AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS OCCURRED AT TAKEOFFS, LANDINGS, APPROACH OR INITIAL CLIMB FLIGHT PHASES, THUS GENERALLY CLOSE TO AIRPORTS. THIS ARTICLE INVESTIGATES TO WHAT EXTENT AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS AFFECTING GROUND STRUCTURES HAPPENED CLOSE TO AIRPORTS THROUGHOUT A CENTURY OF ACCIDENT RECORDS AND HOW THEY DISTRIBUTE GEOGRAPHICALLY. AN EXTENSIVE DATABASE OF AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS’ DESCRIPTIONS WAS EVALUATED. FROM 1926 TO 2020, 833 ACCIDENTS WERE IDENTIFIED AS AFFECTING SOME STRUCTURE ON THE GROUND, OF WHICH 327 HAPPENED IN A KNOWN, IDENTIFIABLE LOCATION RANGING FROM 0.10KM TO 45KM OUTSIDE THE AIRPORT SITE, MANY OF THEM CAUSING GROUND CASUALTIES. OF THESE, 77% OF THE EVENTS AND FATALITIES HAPPENED WITHIN 5 KM FROM THE AIRPORTS’ LIMITS. THE DISTRIBUTION OF THESE 327 EVENTS AND 1,798 GROUND CASUALTIES WAS ANALYZED CONSIDERING DISTANCE FROM THE AIRPORTS AND THE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX (HDI) TO CLASSIFY COUNTRIES AS GLOBAL NORTH AND GLOBAL SOUTH. RESULTS UPON SUCH CLASSIFICATION SHOW THAT THE NUMBER OF EVENTS IS FAIRLY BALANCED (52.91% AT GLOBAL NORTH AND 47.09% AT GLOBAL SOUTH) BUT THE NUMBER OF GROUND CASUALTIES IS OTHERWISE VERY UNBALANCED: 75.14% AT GLOBAL SOUTH VERSUS 24.86% AT GLOBAL NORTH COUNTRIES. MOREOVER, THE VAST MAJORITY OF GROUND CASUALTIES AT GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES HAPPENED WITHIN THE RANGES OF 0.1KM-1.0KM AND 1.1KM TO 2.0KM FROM THE AIRPORTS SITES. THIS INDICATES THAT, SAFETY-WISE, URBAN PLANNING HAS BEEN MORE EFFECTIVE AROUND GLOBAL NORTH COUNTRIES’ AIRPORTS, WHILE THE URBAN DYNAMICS OF NO OR POOR LAND USE CONTROL AROUND AIRPORTS OF GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES RESULTED ON DENSE RESIDENTIAL AREAS OCCUPYING THEIR PROXIMITIES, WHICH IS A CONTRIBUTING CAUSE FOR SUCH UNBALANCE. THIS BRINGS FURTHER BURDEN FOR AIRPORT AND URBAN PLANNERS OF GLOBAL SOUTH COUNTRIES TO EFFECTIVELY MANAGE THE AIRPORT-COMMUNITY CONFLICT.
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Citing¶
@inproceedings{SIT213,
author = {LUIZ HENRIQUE WERNECK DE OLIVEIRA},
title = {AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS AND GROUND CASUALTIES NEAR AIRPORTS: EVIDENCE FROM GLOBAL SOUTH AND GLOBAL NORTH COUNTRIES},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2022 Air Transportation Symposium},
series = {SITRAER 2022},
year = {2022},
pages = {323-334},
publisher = {SBTA - Brazilian Air Transportation Research Society},
address = {São José dos Campos, Brazil,}
}
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